Piotroski Score
Altman Z-Score:
The Altman Z-Score is calculated with the following formula:
A = working_capital / total_assets
B = retained_earnings / total_assets
C = ebit / total_assets
D = market_cap / total_liabilities
E = revenue / total_assets
Altman Z-Score = 1.2A + 1.4B + 3.3C + 0.6D + 1.0E
Piotroski Score:
The score consists of the following criteria (each rule assigns one point):
Profitability Criteria:
The rules for these criteria (4 points):
- roa_ttm > 0: Score +1
- net_income_ttm > 0: Score +1
- operating_cashflow_ttm > 0: Score +1
- operating_cashflow_ttm > net_income_ttm: Score +1
Leverage, Liquidity and Source of Funds Criteria:
The rules for these criteria (3 points):
- current_ratio_this_year > current_ratio_last_year: Score +1
- long_term_debt_this_year < long_term_debt_last_year: Score +1
- outstanding_shares_this_year < outstanding_shares_last_year: Score +1
Operating Efficiency Criteria:
The rules for these criteria (2 points):
- gross_margin_quarter > gross_margin_last_year_quarter: Score +1
- asset_turnover_ttm > asset_turnover_last_year: Score +1
The Piotroski score is a discrete score between zero and nine that reflects nine criteria used to determine the strength of a firm's financial position.