Dupont Ratios Analysis

AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (ACRX)

$0.86

+0.06 (+7.50%)
ROE = Net IncomeAverage Total EquityROE = Net IncomePretax IncomeTax Burden  Net IncomePretax IncomeInterest Burden  E B I TRevenueReturn On Sales (ROS)Profit Margin  RevenueAverage Total AssetsAssets TurnoverROA  Average Total AssetsAverage Total EquityEquity Multiplier(Financial Leverage)ROE~=~\underbrace{\dfrac{Net~Income}{Average~Total~Equity}}_{\text{ROE}}~=~\underbrace{\underbrace{\underbrace{\dfrac{Net~Income}{Pretax~Income}}_{\text{Tax~Burden}}~*~\underbrace{\dfrac{Net~Income}{Pretax~Income}}_{\text{Interest Burden}}~*~\underbrace{\dfrac{E~B~I~T}{Revenue}}_{\text{Return~On~Sales~(ROS)}}}_{\text{Profit~Margin}}~*~\underbrace{\dfrac{Revenue}{Average~Total~Assets}}_{\text{Assets~Turnover}}}_{\text{ROA}}~*~\underbrace{\dfrac{Average~Total~Assets}{Average~Total~Equity}}_{\text{Equity~Multiplier(Financial~Leverage)}}



ROE = NI/EBT * EBT/EBIT * EBIT/Revenue * Asset Turnover * Company Equity Multiplier
-48.62% = 59.38% * 91.29% * -2335.69% * 2.67% * 1.27



ROA = Net Profit Margin * Asset Turnover
-33.85% = -1266.08% * 2.67%



The company's tax burden is (Net income ÷ Pretax profit). This is the proportion of the company's profits retained after paying income taxes. [NI/EBT]
The company's interest burden is (Pretax income ÷ EBIT). This will be 1.00 for a firm with no debt or financial leverage. [EBT/EBIT]
The company's operating income margin or return on sales (ROS) is (EBIT ÷ Revenue). This is the operating income per dollar of sales. [EBIT/Revenue]
The company's asset turnover (ATO) is (Revenue ÷ Average Total Assets).
The company's equity multiplier is (Average Total Assets ÷ Average Total Equity). This is a measure of financial leverage.

ROE = (Profit margin)*(Asset turnover)*(Equity multiplier) = (Net profit/Sales)*(Sales/Average Total Assets)*(Average Total Assets/Average Equity) = (Net Profit/Equity)
-0.486246179494304 = -12.660771704180064 * 0.0267400369717553 * 1.2706068716884251

Profitability (measured by profit margin)
Asset efficiency (measured by asset turnover)
Financial leverage (measured by equity multiplier)